Specialized Department

Neurosurgery

Advanced brain and spine surgeries, microscopic nerve decompression, and neurotrauma care.

About the Department

Overview & Specialties

Swasthik Multispeciality Hospital's Neurosurgery Department provides state-of-the-art surgical care for disorders of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems. Led by experienced visiting neurosurgeons, we handle high-complexity cases involving brain tumors, spinal column disorders, traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries, and nerve compression syndromes. Our operating theaters are configured with microscopes, high-precision stereotactic frames, and neuro-navigation suites to ensure maximum safety during cranial and spinal procedures.

Surgery on the nervous system demands extreme precision. Standard treatments include microscopic discectomy for herniated spinal discs, laminectomy for spinal stenosis, and craniotomy for tumor resection or hematoma evacuation. We also offer specialized care for stroke, hydrocephalus, and peripheral nerve conditions like carpal tunnel syndrome. Our department works closely with diagnostic imaging to obtain high-resolution CT and MRI scans for careful preoperative planning.

A key component of our neurosurgical service is our multidisciplinary recovery model. Following complex brain or spine surgery, patients are closely monitored in our critical care units before transitioning to specialized neuro-physiotherapy. This helps restore motor function, coordination, and independence. Our dedicated team is committed to delivering clinical excellence and compassionate support during these complex recovery journeys.

Clinical Care

Conditions We Treat

Glioblastoma Multiforme

Description: An aggressive, high-grade brain tumor that forms from glial cells in the brain tissue.

Symptoms: Persistent headaches, seizures, nausea, memory loss, speech changes, weakness on one side. Causes: Genetic mutations (mostly sporadic), environmental radiation exposure. Risk Factors: Age over 60, male gender, genetic syndromes (Li-Fraumeni). Diagnosis: Brain MRI with contrast, CT scan, surgical biopsy. Treatment: Surgical craniotomy and resection, radiation therapy, chemotherapy.

Subdural Hematoma

Description: A collection of blood between the dura mater and the brain, typically caused by trauma.

Symptoms: Headache, confusion, dizziness, speech difficulties, weakness, drowsiness. Causes: Head injury tearing veins in the subdural space. Risk Factors: Advanced age, taking blood thinners, chronic alcohol abuse. Diagnosis: Non-contrast head CT scan. Treatment: Surgical burr hole drainage, craniotomy.

Spinal Canal Stenosis

Description: Narrowing of the spaces within the spine, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.

Symptoms: Pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs, cramping in calves when walking (claudication). Causes: Osteoarthritis, bone spurs, herniated discs, thickened ligaments. Risk Factors: Age over 50, spinal deformity, genetic structural factors. Diagnosis: Spine MRI, CT myelogram, X-ray. Treatment: Laminectomy surgery, spinal fusion, physical therapy, epidural blocks.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Description: A chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, causing extreme facial pain.

Symptoms: Sudden, severe, stabbing or shock-like facial pain triggered by touching or chewing. Causes: Contact between a blood vessel and the trigeminal nerve at the base of the brain. Risk Factors: Age over 50, female gender, multiple sclerosis. Diagnosis: Clinical history, high-resolution brain MRI. Treatment: Microvascular decompression (MVD) surgery, gamma knife radiosurgery, anticonvulsant drugs.

Pituitary Adenoma

Description: A benign tumor of the pituitary gland that can compress the optic chiasm and alter hormones.

Symptoms: Headaches, vision loss (bitemporal hemianopsia), hormonal imbalances. Causes: Genetic changes in pituitary cells. Risk Factors: Genetic syndromes like Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). Diagnosis: Brain MRI, endocrine hormone blood panels. Treatment: Endoscopic transsphenoidal resection, hormone therapy, radiation.

Hydrocephalus

Description: An abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain's cavities (ventricles).

Symptoms: Enlarged head (infants), headaches, cognitive decline, urinary incontinence, balance issues (adults). Causes: Obstruction of CSF flow, poor absorption, overproduction. Risk Factors: Premature birth, brain tumors, meningitis, head trauma. Diagnosis: Brain CT scan, MRI, lumbar puncture. Treatment: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV).

Cerebellar Astrocytoma

Description: A slow-growing brain tumor arising in the cerebellum, common in children.

Symptoms: Clumsiness, loss of balance, headache, vomiting, neck pain. Causes: Unknown genetic alterations. Risk Factors: Genetic syndromes (Neurofibromatosis type 1). Diagnosis: Brain MRI, CT scan. Treatment: Surgical resection, close radiological monitoring.

Brain Abscess

Description: A localized collection of pus in the brain tissue, resulting from an infection.

Symptoms: Headache, fever, neurological deficits, seizures, stiff neck. Causes: Spread of infection from ears/sinuses, bloodstream infection, head trauma. Risk Factors: Congenital heart disease, compromised immune system, dental infections. Diagnosis: Brain MRI with contrast, CT scan. Treatment: Surgical aspiration, prolonged high-dose IV antibiotics.

Spinal Meningioma

Description: A slow-growing, benign tumor of the membranes (meninges) surrounding the spinal cord.

Symptoms: Localized back pain, progressive weakness or numbness in legs, gait difficulty. Causes: Unknown genetic changes in meningeal cells. Risk Factors: Female gender, genetic syndromes (NF2). Diagnosis: Spine MRI with contrast. Treatment: Microscopic surgical resection.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Description: Bleeding directly into the brain tissue, a life-threatening neurological emergency.

Symptoms: Sudden headache, weakness on one side, difficulty speaking, loss of consciousness. Causes: Rupture of small arteries due to long-standing hypertension or amyloid angiopathy. Risk Factors: Chronic hypertension, blood thinners, drug abuse. Diagnosis: Emergent head CT scan. Treatment: Surgical craniotomy for evacuation, ICP monitoring, blood pressure control.

Spinal Cord Astrocytoma

Description: A tumor within the spinal cord tissue itself, causing progressive motor and sensory deficits.

Symptoms: Back pain, sensory loss, weakness in arms or legs, bladder/bowel dysfunction. Causes: Abnormal growth of spinal astrocytes. Risk Factors: Neurofibromatosis type 1. Diagnosis: Spine MRI, spinal cord biopsy. Treatment: Microscopic surgical resection, radiation therapy.

Chiari Malformation

Description: A condition in which brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, blocking CSF flow.

Symptoms: Occipital headaches (worse with coughing), dizziness, neck pain, balance problems. Causes: Structural defects in the brain and skull during fetal development. Risk Factors: Family history, genetic skeletal conditions. Diagnosis: Brain and cervical spine MRI. Treatment: Surgical posterior fossa decompression.

Acoustic Neuroma (Vestibular Schwannoma)

Description: A benign, slow-growing tumor on the main nerve leading from the inner ear to the brain.

Symptoms: Gradual hearing loss in one ear, ringing in the ear (tinnitus), loss of balance. Causes: Dysfunction of a gene on chromosome 22. Risk Factors: Neurofibromatosis type 2. Diagnosis: Audiogram, brain MRI with gadolinium contrast. Treatment: Surgical resection (suboccipital or translabyrinthine), stereotactic radiosurgery.

Cauda Equina Syndrome

Description: Surgical emergency caused by extreme compression of the nerve roots at the lower end of the spinal cord.

Symptoms: Saddle anesthesia (numbness in groin), bowel/bladder dysfunction, bilateral leg pain. Causes: Massive lumbar disc herniation, tumor, trauma. Risk Factors: Severe lower back strain, pre-existing disc disease. Diagnosis: Emergent lumbar spine MRI. Treatment: Emergent decompressive laminectomy (within 24-48 hours).

Syringomyelia

Description: The development of a fluid-filled cavity (syrinx) within the spinal cord.

Symptoms: Loss of pain/temperature sensation in hands, muscle weakness, stiffness in legs. Causes: Chiari malformation, spinal trauma, meningitis. Risk Factors: Spinal cord injury, congenital brain malformations. Diagnosis: Spine MRI. Treatment: Surgical decompression of CSF pathways, syrinx shunting.