Accident Injuries & Trauma
Description: Emergency care and advanced trauma management for complex bone fractures, joint dislocations, and severe physical injuries.
Services: 24/7 emergency fracture fixation, polytrauma resuscitation, surgical reconstruction.
Specialty: Real-time C-arm guided surgical suites, next-generation implants.
Knee Replacements
Description: Advanced surgical replacement (Total Knee Replacement - TKR) for severe arthritis, chronic joint pain, or joint degeneration.
Aims: Complete relief from severe joint pain, restoration of natural joint mobility, correction of deformity.
Techniques: Minimally invasive joint replacement, high-performance long-lasting implants, post-op rehabilitation.
Knee Arthroscopy
Description: Minimally invasive keyhole surgeries to accurately diagnose and treat joint problems inside the knee.
Treatments: Ligament repairs (ACL/PCL tears), meniscus tear repair, cartilage trimming.
Benefits: Tiny incisions, minimal post-operative pain, rapid healing and faster return to active life.
Joint Injections
Description: Highly targeted, specialized intra-articular injections for chronic joint pain relief and lubrication.
Options: Hyaluronic acid injections (viscosupplementation), corticosteroid injections, PRP therapy.
Indications: Early to moderate osteoarthritis, chronic joint inflammation, non-surgical candidates.
Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Description: Degeneration of joint cartilage and bone, causing pain and deformity in the knee joint.
Symptoms: Pain on walking, morning stiffness, cracking sound (crepitus), swelling.
Causes: Aging, joint wear and tear, obesity, past knee injuries.
Risk Factors: Overweight, elderly age, genetics, repetitive stress.
Diagnosis: Weight-bearing knee X-rays, MRI, physical examination.
Treatment: Joint replacement (TKR), physical therapy, intra-articular injections, pain relief drugs.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Tear
Description: A common sports injury involving the stretching or tearing of the ACL in the knee.
Symptoms: A popping sensation during injury, severe pain, immediate swelling, instability.
Causes: Sudden stops, changes in direction, direct blow to the knee.
Risk Factors: Participating in high-impact sports, female athletes, poor conditioning.
Diagnosis: MRI of the knee, Lachman test, anterior drawer test.
Treatment: Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction surgery, specialized physical therapy.
Lumbar Herniated Disc
Description: A condition where a spinal disc's soft center pushes through a tear in the tougher exterior, pressing on nerves.
Symptoms: Low back pain, radiating pain down the leg (sciatica), numbness, tingling, weakness.
Causes: Age-related wear and tear (disc degeneration), strain from heavy lifting.
Risk Factors: Obesity, physically demanding jobs, sedentary lifestyle, smoking.
Diagnosis: Spine MRI, CT scan, electromyography (EMG).
Treatment: Surgical discectomy, epidural steroid injections, physical therapy, muscle relaxants.
Colles' Fracture
Description: A specific type of wrist fracture occurring at the distal end of the radius bone, common in falls.
Symptoms: Immediate pain, swelling, deformity ('dinner fork' wrist appearance), inability to hold objects.
Causes: Falling onto an outstretched hand.
Risk Factors: Osteoporosis, advanced age, balancing issues.
Diagnosis: Wrist X-ray (AP and Lateral views).
Treatment: Closed reduction and casting, open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with plates/screws.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Description: Compression of the median nerve as it passes through the wrist, causing hand numbness.
Symptoms: Numbness, tingling, pain in the thumb and fingers, weakness in holding objects.
Causes: Repetitive hand movements, wrist anatomy, underlying conditions like diabetes.
Risk Factors: Repetitive assembly work, pregnancy, rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnosis: Tinel's and Phalen's signs, nerve conduction study (NCS).
Treatment: Carpal tunnel release surgery, wrist splinting, corticosteroid injections.
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
Description: Stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint, leading to gradual loss of movement.
Symptoms: Dull or aching pain, inability to raise the arm or rotate it outwards.
Causes: Thickening and tightening of the capsule surrounding the shoulder joint.
Risk Factors: Diabetes, recovery from stroke/mastectomy, thyroid disorders.
Diagnosis: Range of motion exam, shoulder X-ray or MRI.
Treatment: Physical therapy, joint distension, corticosteroid injections, shoulder manipulation.
Cervical Spondylosis
Description: Age-related wear and tear affecting the spinal discs in the neck.
Symptoms: Neck pain, stiffness, headaches, tingling or numbness in the arms/hands.
Causes: Dehydrated discs, herniation, bone spurs in the cervical spine.
Risk Factors: Aging, neck injuries, work involving repetitive neck strain.
Diagnosis: Neck X-ray, cervical spine MRI, electromyogram.
Treatment: Physical therapy, pain relievers, neck traction, surgical decompression (rare).
Plantar Fasciitis
Description: Inflammation of the thick band of tissue that runs across the bottom of the foot.
Symptoms: Stabbing heel pain, worst with the first steps in the morning.
Causes: Repetitive strain or stretching of the plantar fascia.
Risk Factors: Runners, obesity, wearing shoes with poor support.
Diagnosis: Physical exam, foot X-ray to rule out heel spurs or stress fractures.
Treatment: Stretching exercises, orthotics, night splints, shockwave therapy.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Description: A chronic autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the joint linings.
Symptoms: Tender, warm, swollen joints, joint stiffness worst in mornings, fatigue.
Causes: Autoimmune response triggered by genetic and environmental factors.
Risk Factors: Female gender, family history, smoking, environmental exposures.
Diagnosis: Rheumatoid factor (RF) blood test, anti-CCP test, joint X-rays.
Treatment: DMARDs (methotrexate), biologics, NSAIDs, joint fusion or replacement.
Femur Neck Fracture
Description: A fracture of the upper part of the thigh bone, requiring immediate surgical fixation or replacement.
Symptoms: Inability to move or stand, severe pain in the hip/groin, outer rotation of the injured leg.
Causes: High-impact trauma (young patients), falls (elderly patients).
Risk Factors: Osteoporosis, dementia, history of falls.
Diagnosis: Hip and pelvis X-rays, CT scan.
Treatment: Hemiarthroplasty, total hip replacement, internal fixation using cannulated screws.
Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
Description: Inflammation or micro-tearing of the tendons that join the forearm muscles to the outside of the elbow.
Symptoms: Pain or burning on the outer part of the elbow, weak grip strength.
Causes: Repetitive contraction of forearm muscles used to extend the wrist.
Risk Factors: Age between 30 and 50, occupations involving repetitive arm motion.
Diagnosis: Clinical examination, elbow X-ray.
Treatment: Rest, physical therapy, forearm brace, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections.
Osteoporosis
Description: A condition in which bones become weak, brittle, and highly susceptible to fractures.
Symptoms: Asymptomatic until a fracture occurs, back pain, loss of height over time.
Causes: Imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation.
Risk Factors: Postmenopausal women, low calcium intake, sedentary lifestyle.
Diagnosis: DEXA scan (Bone Mineral Density test).
Treatment: Bisphosphonates (alendronate), Calcium and Vitamin D supplements, weight-bearing exercise.
Ankle Sprain (Grade III)
Description: Complete tear of ankle ligaments, causing severe pain and joint instability.
Symptoms: Bruising, swelling, inability to bear weight, throbbing pain.
Causes: Inward twisting of the foot during sports or stepping on uneven ground.
Risk Factors: Previous ankle injuries, poor balance, improper footwear.
Diagnosis: Physical exam, ankle X-ray or MRI to rule out fracture.
Treatment: Immobilization (boot), physical therapy, surgical ligament repair (rare).
Trigger Finger (Stenosing Tenosynovitis)
Description: A condition in which a finger gets stuck in a bent position, popping straight suddenly.
Symptoms: Finger stiffness, popping or clicking sensation, tender nodule at the base of the finger.
Causes: Inflammation of the protective sheath surrounding the tendon.
Risk Factors: Diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, repetitive gripping occupations.
Diagnosis: Clinical examination by an orthopaedic surgeon.
Treatment: Trigger finger release surgery, steroid injections, splinting.
Rotator Cuff Tear
Description: A tear in one or more of the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles in the shoulder.
Symptoms: Pain when lifting or lowering the arm, weakness, crackling sensation when moving.
Causes: Repetitive overhead motions, age-related degeneration.
Risk Factors: Age over 40, painters, carpenters, competitive athletes.
Diagnosis: Shoulder MRI, ultrasound, range-of-motion testing.
Treatment: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, physical therapy, subacromial injections.
